Carbonic anhydrase 1(CA1) is a zinc metalloenzyme that catalyses reversible hydration of CO2 (CO2 + H2O ↔ HCO3- + H+). This protein is fundamental to many biological processes such as cellular respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, salvia, and gastric acid.