Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid. This gene product is a type I membrane protein that is highly expressed in normal tissues, such as kidney, colon and pancreas, and has been found to be overexpressed in 10% of clear cell renal carcinomas. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene. CA12 (Carbonic Anhydrase 12) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CA12 include Hyperchlorhidrosis, Isolated and Renal Cell Carcinoma. Among its related pathways are Nitrogen metabolism and Translational Control. GO annotations related to this gene include carbonate dehydratase activity. An important paralog of this gene is CA14.