The protein encoded by this gene is the catalytic component of RNA polymerase III, which synthesizes small RNAs. The encoded protein also acts as a sensor to detect foreign DNA and trigger an innate immune response.POLR3A (RNA Polymerase III Subunit A) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with POLR3A include Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 7, With Or Without Oligodontia And/Or Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism and Pol Iii-Related Leukodystrophies. Among its related pathways are Innate Immune System and RNA Polymerase III Transcription Initiation. GO annotations related to this gene include chromatin binding and RNA polymerase III activity.